elastic adj. 1.有彈力[彈性]的。 2.伸縮自如的,靈活的。 3.機(jī)變的,輕快的。 an elastic body 彈性體。 elastic braces 松緊吊褲帶。 elastic force 彈力。 an elastic principle 靈活性的原則。 elastic ribbon 松緊帶。 an elastic temperament 開朗的性格。 n. 橡皮線,松緊帶,橡皮圈。 adv. -ally
ground adj. 碾碎了的,磨過的,磨成粉的。 ground and polished piston 【機(jī)械工程】研磨活塞。 ground2 n. 1.地,地面;土地,地產(chǎn);場(chǎng);運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng),廣場(chǎng);〔pl.〕 庭園,場(chǎng)地。 2.底;水底,海底;【礦物】脈石,母巖;礦區(qū);〔pl.〕 渣滓,沉淀物。 3.基礎(chǔ);〔常pl.〕理由,根據(jù),原因;借口;立場(chǎng),意見。 4.地域,范圍;面積;土壤。 5.陣地。 6.【美術(shù)】底子;底色;〔pl.〕 【建筑】底材;(銅版術(shù))(涂在版面上的)防蝕劑。 7.【電學(xué)】接地;地線。 8.【航?!浚?groundage. a classic ground文物勝地,古跡。 fishing grounds 漁場(chǎng)。 grazing grounds 牧場(chǎng)。 a parade ground練兵場(chǎng),閱兵場(chǎng)。 a parking ground停車場(chǎng)。 recreation grounds 運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)。 weapons proving [testing] grounds 武器試驗(yàn)場(chǎng)。 coffee grounds 咖啡渣。 What ground have you for thinking so 你有甚么理由這樣想? The ground here is stony. 這里的地面多石。 a blue pattern on white ground白地藍(lán)花紋。 above ground 活著,在世上。 beat over the old ground 舊調(diào)重彈。 be dashed to the ground 一敗涂地,遭受挫折。 be off the ground 站在一邊,不妨礙。 be on the ground 1. 在場(chǎng)。 2. 在地上。 3. 在決斗。 below ground 死掉,被埋葬。 bite the ground 大敗,倒下,死去。 break fresh [new] ground 開墾處女地,開辟新天地。 break ground 1. 耕田;破土,動(dòng)工,開業(yè)。 2. 【航?!块_船。 bring to the ground 〔方言〕埋葬。 broken ground 新開墾土地,凸凹不平之地。 come [go] to the ground 失??;滅亡。 common ground 共同立場(chǎng),一致點(diǎn) (seek common ground while reserving differences 求同存異)。 cover (the) ground 1. 走完一段路程,旅行。 2. 包括,涉及 (The report covers much ground. 報(bào)告涉及面很廣)。 3. (工作)有所進(jìn)展;充分地處理(某個(gè)題目)。 cut the ground from under sb.'s feet 拆某人的臺(tái),破壞某人計(jì)劃;使某人議論站不住腳。 debatable ground 1. 發(fā)生爭(zhēng)執(zhí)的土地。 2. 爭(zhēng)論點(diǎn)。 (down) to the ground 〔口語(yǔ)〕在各方面,徹底地。 fall on stony ground 無效,沒有結(jié)果。 fall to the ground 墜地;失敗,成畫餅。 forbidden ground 禁區(qū)。 from the ground of one's [the] heart 出自心底,衷心地。 from the ground up 1. 從頭開始,從基本點(diǎn)著手。 2. 〔美國(guó)〕= down to the ground. gain [gather, get] ground 占領(lǐng)陣地;占優(yōu)勢(shì);流行;有進(jìn)步,獲得進(jìn)展。 gain ground on [upon] 1. 壓制,侵占。 2. 逼近,接近。 gain ground with sb. 同某人搞熟。 get ground of 1. 蠶食。 2. 優(yōu)于。 3. 甩開(追者)。 get off the ground 1. 飛起,進(jìn)行順利。 2. (報(bào)刊等)開始發(fā)行,(事業(yè)等)著手,開始。 give ground = lose ground. go to ground (狐貍)逃入地穴。 Hit the ground ! 【軍事】臥倒! hold [keep, maintain, stand] one's ground 1. 堅(jiān)守陣地。 2. 堅(jiān)持主張;站穩(wěn)立場(chǎng)。 jumping-off ground 【軍事】進(jìn)攻基地,據(jù)點(diǎn),戰(zhàn)略基地。 kiss the ground 匍伏;屈辱。 lose ground 退卻,讓步;失利;衰落。 mop [wipe] the ground with sb. 〔俚語(yǔ)〕擊倒某人,把某人打得一敗涂地。 on delicate ground 處境微妙。 on even ground 在同樣基礎(chǔ)上。 on firm ground 處于安全地位。 on one's own ground 在行。 on the ground(s) of 由于,根據(jù),以…為理由[借口]。 raze to the ground 夷為平地。 run into the ground 1. 做得過頭,夸張。 2. 把事情弄糟。 shift one's ground 改變主張,改變立場(chǎng)。 smell the ground 船因水淺而失速;船擦底。 suit down to the ground 完全適合,完全令人滿意。 take ground 占領(lǐng)陣地。 take the ground 擱淺。 to ground 進(jìn)洞,躲起來。 touch ground 1. 船擦水底。 2. 觸及實(shí)質(zhì)性問題。 tread on delicate ground 接觸微妙問題,碰到棘手問題。 tread the ground 步行,走路。 worship the ground sb. treads on 十分欽佩某人,拜倒在某人腳下。 vt. 1.在…基礎(chǔ)上樹立,把(論據(jù)等)放在…基礎(chǔ)上,給…打基礎(chǔ) (on, in)。 2.教給…基本知識(shí),使…受初步訓(xùn)練 (in)。 3.把…放在地上,使落地;放下(武器)。 4.【電學(xué)】使接地。 5.【美術(shù)】給…上底色。 6.使擱淺。 7.使停飛。 ground arms 放下武器,投降。 The boat was grounded. 船擱淺了。 I grounded my argument on my own experience. 我的論點(diǎn)是以自己的親身經(jīng)驗(yàn)為依據(jù)的。 be grounded on 以…為基礎(chǔ),根據(jù)。 be well [ill] grounded in 在…方面很有[沒有]基礎(chǔ)[根據(jù)]。 vi. 1.有基礎(chǔ)。 2.【航?!繑R淺;【航空】著陸。
This essay analyzes what causes the crack and calculates according to the elastic ground frame work 摘要對(duì)裂縫的原因進(jìn)行分析并按彈性地基框架進(jìn)行計(jì)算。
To the crib groundsill , used the method of neglect the torsion effect and take it as a vane grillage foundation . then , divide the crib groundsill to vertical and horizontal beams , which are based on elastic ground 對(duì)框架型地梁按不考慮扭矩條件下的變形協(xié)調(diào)十字交叉梁法進(jìn)行受力分配,拆解為單根地梁,按單梁方法進(jìn)行計(jì)算。
We consider each sleeper as an abutment of opposite forces , rails on horizontal sleepers as a mock dispersed elastic ground beam model and trains as moving load on beams . geometric roughness and damping are not taken into consideration 將每根枕木考慮成一個(gè)支座反力,將橫向枕木支承的鋼軌模擬成離散的彈性地基梁模型,將列車考慮成一個(gè)作用在梁上的移動(dòng)荷載。
Contrast with the results , the dissertation concludes that the axial loads of column have no essential variation , the variations of moments and shear forces of column are small under horizontal loads in contrast with the structure system in elastic ground , the moments and shear forces variation of column cannot be neglected , and the structure system with different foundation have the close degree variation 通過對(duì)比分析,本文認(rèn)為水平力作用下交錯(cuò)桁架體系柱的軸力基本不變,彎距及剪力響應(yīng)數(shù)值變化不大。豎直荷載作用下,與彈性地基計(jì)算結(jié)果比較,彎矩及剪力均存在不可忽略的變化,且不同形式基礎(chǔ)其影響的程度基本相近。
3 ) the single pile horizontal dynamic impedance function in visco - elastic ground considering axial loads is first derived in this field , and the parameter analysis shows that the variation of single pile horizontal dynamic impedance cannot be neglected when considering the axial loads , and it ' s appropriate to considering the axial loads when calculate the single pile horizontal dynamic impedance 3 )首次推導(dǎo)了粘彈性地基中考慮樁頭軸向力時(shí)單樁的水平動(dòng)力阻抗函數(shù),通過參數(shù)分析發(fā)現(xiàn),軸向力對(duì)單樁動(dòng)力阻抗剛度存在不可忽略的影響,當(dāng)軸力較大時(shí),計(jì)算單樁的動(dòng)力阻抗以考慮軸力為宜。
The results are important for dam base excavation and engineering disposal . ( 2 ) arch dam can be regarded as an elastic ground cantilever system composed of vertical cantilever , horizontal arch , and torsion structures . the dissertation takes the arch dam as load diversion system of arch - cantilevers system located on the ground composed of elastic cantilever ( 2 )將拱壩虛擬為由座落在壩基塊體有限元上的一系列懸臂梁與水平拱組成,將懸臂梁視作由水平拱所支承的彈性地基梁,考慮徑向和切向調(diào)整,比以往的彈性地基梁只考慮徑向調(diào)整有所發(fā)展;而且用塊體元模擬壩基,也能較精確地模擬壩基多種斷裂構(gòu)造等對(duì)壩體結(jié)構(gòu)行為的影響。
Some conclusions of sshsti and foundation model are derived in the research . the main researches are outlined as the following : 1 ) the three dimensions fem is used to investigate the displacement and forces of staggered truss with different foundation in elastic ground under horizontal and vertical loads 通過研究,本文得出交錯(cuò)桁架結(jié)構(gòu)體系與地基基礎(chǔ)共同作用的一些規(guī)律性結(jié)論,主要完成如下工作: 1 )利用三維有限元計(jì)算彈性地基中不同類型的基礎(chǔ)在水平力與豎向力作用下交錯(cuò)桁架體系的變形與內(nèi)力。